Graphene promises femtosecond optical response for telecomms

The Centre for Graphene Science at the Universities of Bath and Exeter has demonstrated for very short optical response rates using graphene, which could pave the way – they say – for a revolution in telecommunications.

According to the University of Bath:

Every day large amounts of information is transmitted and processed through optoelectronic devices such as optical fibres, photodetectors and lasers. Signals are sent by photons at infrared wavelengths and processed using optical switches, which convert signals into a series of light pulses.

Ordinarily optical switches respond at rate of a few picoseconds – around a trillionth of a second. Through this study physicists have observed the response rate of an optical switch using “few layer graphene” to be around one hundred femtoseconds – nearly a hundred times quicker than current materials.

Graphene is just one atom thick, but remarkably strong. Scientists have suggested that it would take an elephant, balanced on a pencil to break through a single sheet. Already dubbed a miracle material due to its strength, lightness, flexibility, conductivity and low cost, it could now enter the market to dramatically improve telecommunications.

“We’ve seen an ultrafast optical response rate, using “few-layer graphene”, which has exciting applications for the development of high speed optoelectronic components based on graphene,” said Bath’s lead researcher Dr Enrico Da Como. “This fast response is in the infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum, where many applications in telecommunications, security and also medicine are currently developing and affecting our society.”

In the long term, says Bath, the research could also lead to the development of graphene-based quantum cascade lasers (semiconductor lasers used in pollution monitoring, security and spectroscopy). Few-layer graphene could emerge as a unique platform for this application.